Biography of anwar el sadat

"There is no happiness for people at the expense of other people."

Mohammad Anwar el-Sadat was born on December 25, , in Mit Abu al-Kum, 40 miles north of Cairo, Egypt. After graduating from the Cairo Military Academy in , Sadat was stationed at a distant outpost where he met Gamal Abd el-Nasser, beginning a long political association.

During World War II Sadat worked to expel British troops from Egypt. The British arrested and imprisoned him in , but he later escaped. During a second prison stay, Sadat taught himself French and English.

After leaving jail, Sadat renewed contact with Nasser. In the s he was a member of the Free Officers organization that overthrew the Egyptian monarchy in He became editor of the revolutionary paper al-Gumhuriya in and also authored several books on the revolution during the late s. Sadat held various high offices, including speaker of the Egyptian Parliament, that led to his serving in the vice presidency (, ). He ascended to the Presidency in following the death of President Gamal Abd el-Nasser.

Sadat’s domestic policies included decentralization and diversification of the economy and relaxation of Egypt’s political structure long before these measures became fashionable in the developing countries. In foreign affairs, Anwar Sadat stood out for his courage and bold diplomacy. He did not hesitate to expel Soviet forces from Egypt in , even as he planned a military campaign to regain control of the Sinai Peninsula from Israel. The Egyptian army achieved a tactical surprise in its attack on the Israeli-held Sinai Peninsula in October , and, although Israel successfully counterattacked, Sadat emerged from the war with greatly enhanced prestige.

After the war, Sadat began to work toward peace in the Middle East. He made a dramatic visit to Israel in , during which he traveled to Jerusalem to place his plan for a peace settlement before the Israeli Knesset. This initiated a series of diplomatic efforts that Sadat con

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Who Was Anwar el-Sadat?

Anwar el-Sadat was an Egyptian politician who served in the military before helping to overthrow his country's monarchy in the early s. He served as vice president and later became president in Though his country faced internal economic instability, Sadat earned the Nobel Peace Prize for entering into peace agreements with Israel. He was assassinated soon after on October 6, , in Cairo, Egypt, by Muslim extremists.

Early Years

Born into a family of 13 children on December 25, , in Mit Ab al-Kawm, Al-Minufiyyah governorate, Egypt, Sadat grew up in an Egypt under British control. In , the British created a military school in Egypt, and Sadat was among the first of its students. When he graduated from the academy, Sadat received a government post, where he met Gamal Abdel Nasser, who would one day rule Egypt. The pair bonded and formed a revolutionary group designed to overthrow British rule and expel the British from Egypt.

Imprisonment and Coups

Before the group could succeed, the British arrested and jailed Sadat in , but he escaped two years later. In , Sadat was again arrested, this time after being implicated in the assassination of pro-British minister Amin 'Uthman. Imprisoned until , when he was acquitted, upon release Sadat joined Nasser's Free Officers organization and was involved in the group's armed uprising against the Egyptian monarchy in Four years later, he supported Nasser's rise to the presidency.

Presidential Policies

Sadat held several high offices in Nasser's administration, eventually becoming vice president of Egypt (–, –). Nasser died on September 28, , and Sadat became acting president, winning the position for good in a nationwide vote on October 15,

Sadat immediately set about separating himself from Nasser in both domestic and foreign policies. Domestically, he initiated the open-door policy known as infitah (Arabic for "opening"), an economic program designed to attrac

Content created by Virtual Intern Bridget Raymundo

Anwar El Sadat served as the third President of Egypt from until his assassination in During his time as President, Sadat introduced greater political freedom and a new economic policy to Egypt.

Sadat grew up in Egypt under British rule and advocated for dialogue and building relations between countries for peace. In the early s, he and several others overthrew the ruling monarchy in Egypt. In , Sadat participated in the International Visitors Leadership Program (IVLP). It was the first opportunity that allowed Sadat to see the United States and Americans at home.

In , President Sadat addressed the Knesset, Israel's legislature, where he spoke directly to the Israeli government on the need for peace. In , he signed the Camp David Accords, which outlined a historic peace agreement with Israel, and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize that same year.

In December , the former Egyptian president was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal for leading Egypt to peace with Israel. President Anwar El Sadat's peace efforts and mastery of diplomacy made history and remain relevant to this day.

President of Egypt from to

Muhammad Anwar es-Sadat (25 December &#;– 6 October ) was an Egyptian politician and military officer who served as the third president of Egypt, from 15 October until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October Sadat was a senior member of the Free Officers who overthrew King Farouk I in the Egyptian Revolution of , and a close confidant of President Gamal Abdel Nasser, under whom he served as vice president twice and whom he succeeded as president in In , Sadat and Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel, signed a peace treaty in cooperation with United States President Jimmy Carter, for which they were recognized with the Nobel Peace Prize.

In his 11 years as president, he changed Egypt's trajectory, departing from many political and economic tenets of Nasserism, reinstituting a multi-party system, and launching the Infitah economic policy. As President, he led Egypt in the Yom Kippur War of to regain Egypt's Sinai Peninsula, which Israel had occupied since the Six-Day War of , making him a hero in Egypt and, for a time, the wider Arab World. Afterwards, he engaged in negotiations with Israel, culminating in the Camp David Accords and the Egypt–Israel peace treaty; this won him and Menachem Begin the Nobel Peace Prize, making Sadat the first Muslim Nobel laureate.

Although reaction to the treaty&#;&#; which resulted in the return of Sinai to Egypt&#;&#; was generally favorable among Egyptians, it was rejected by the country's Muslim Brotherhood and the left, which felt Sadat had abandoned efforts to ensure a State of Palestine. With the exception of Sudan, the Arab world and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) strongly opposed Sadat's efforts to make a separate peace with Israel without prior consultations with the Arab states. His refusal to reconcile with them over the Palestinian issue resulted in Egypt being suspended fr